It is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the tissues of the penis. Penile cancer, It usually begins in the skin or mucosa. Early symptoms include a sore, lump or abnormal discharge on the penis. It is most common in older people. Risk factors include smoking, HPV infection and poor hygiene. Early diagnosis increases the chance of cure. Treatment options include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
What are the symptoms of penile cancer?
Conditions such as wounds, redness, swelling or discoloration may be observed on the skin of the penis. Non-healing wounds or open lesions may occur on the penis. A hard mass or swelling may be seen on the head or skin of the penis. Pain or tenderness may be felt in the area. There may be a foul-smelling or bloody discharge from the tip of the penis. Swelling or hardness may occur in the lymph nodes in the groin area.
There may be pain, burning or difficulty urinating. There may be a persistent itching or irritation of the skin on the penis. These symptoms are only Penile cancer It may not be specific to your condition. It can also be an indicator of other conditions. However, when symptoms are noticed, it is important to see a urologist. Early diagnosis and treatment can be life-saving.
What Causes Penile Cancer?
Not keeping the penis clean can lead to accumulations called smegma. Smegma causes bacteria and other harmful substances to accumulate. It increases the risk of infection. This can increase the risk in the long term. HPV, Penile cancer It is a sexually transmitted infection that is strongly associated with HPV. Some types of HPV (such as types 16 and 18) in particular can cause cellular changes that can lead to cancer. Smoking generally predisposes the body to cancer. The chemicals in tobacco products can damage DNA, causing abnormal cell growth. It can increase the risk. Phimosis is a condition that occurs more often in uncircumcised men and occurs when the skin at the tip of the penis cannot be pulled back. This can increase the risk of infection, and chronic irritation can lead to cancer in the long term. Frequent irritation of the penile tissue can set the stage for cancer development.
This situation increases the risk even more when combined with chronic infections. Individuals with weak immune systems, especially those with diseases such as HIV/AIDS, are more vulnerable. Long-term contact with certain chemicals can damage cellular structures. This is especially important in occupational exposure situations. It is more common in uncircumcised men. Circumcision can prevent smegma accumulation by facilitating hygiene and reducing the risk. Some genetic predispositions can increase the risk. However, this factor is less effective than other causes. It is usually more common in men over the age of 60. Aging can lead to cancer by weakening the DNA repair mechanism of cells. Penile cancer It is a rare but serious condition. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to successful outcomes. Therefore, a urologist should be consulted when symptoms are noticed.
How Is Penile Cancer Treated?
In cases where cancer is in the early stages, only the tumor area can be removed. During this procedure, healthy tissue is tried to be preserved. In more advanced stages, it may be necessary to remove a part (partial) or all (total) of the penis. This method is used to prevent the spread of cancer. In case the cancer spreads to the lymph nodes, it may be necessary to remove the lymph nodes in the groin area. Radiotherapy is a treatment method that uses high-energy rays to destroy cancerous cells. It can be applied to shrink the tumor before surgery. Alternatively, it is also used to control the tumor in patients who do not prefer surgery.
In cases where the cancer is superficial, chemotherapy creams applied to the skin can be used. In advanced stages where the cancer has spread throughout the body, intravenous medication is preferred to kill the cancer cells. Immunotherapy is a treatment method that increases the ability of the immune system to fight cancer cells. Superficial Penile cancer In cases, it is applied by injecting medication directly into the tumor or its surroundings. Laser treatment is used in the early stages of cancer. Vaporization of cancerous tissue can be achieved. This method is usually suitable for smaller and superficial tumors. Physical and psychological support is very important after surgical treatment. Patients are supported by experts to reorganize their sexual lives and increase their self-confidence. It is important for patients not to neglect regular check-ups after treatment. Treatment success is quite high in cases diagnosed early.
